Telangana SCERT 6th class social studies 20th lesson (Sculptures And Buildings) questions answers according to your textbook syllabus.
TEXTBOOK KEYWORDS
1. Chaitya :
In Buddhism, they use a word called ‘chaitya’ to describe a special place. It’s got a rounded area at one end, usually with a stupa inside, and a tall roof that curves. Oh, and technically, the chaitya is actually the stupa itself.
2. Monks :
A monk is someone who is part of a group of religious folks. They live a simple life away from regular society, often in a place called a monastery.
3. Stupa :
A stupa is like a special place for Buddhists to meditate. It’s usually shaped like a dome and has a path around it where people can walk and meditate.
4. Relics :
Relics are what’s left of a person’s body after they’ve passed away. This could include things like teeth, bones, or hair.
5. Vihara :
It was a place where Buddhist or Jain monks lived and studied. These were their homes where they learned about their religion.
6. Monastery :
A monastery is a place where Buddhist monks live together, usually in a building.
7. Sculpture :
A sculpture is an artistic creation, typically a solid figure or object crafted by carving or shaping materials like wood, stone, clay, metal, and more.
8. Brahmi :
Brahmi script was used by Ashoka, and many of the scripts used in India today are derived from it.
9. Script :
A script is the written words of a play, movie, broadcast, or talk
10. Pilgrims :
Pilgrims are people who go to special places to pray and show respect.
IMPROVE YOUR LEARNING QUESTION ANSWERS
1 Many stupas of Andhra Pradesh are on the banks of rivers (like Salihundam, Nagarjunakonda, Amaravati etc). why do you think the monks selected these places to build stupas?
The monks selected places on the banks of the river for the construction of stupas because
1 There will be an adequate water facility for pilgrims to take a bath before worshipping the stupas.
2 There will be enough places for meditation and worship.
3 The area is free from pollution
2 Why do you think only the rock-cut viharas and chaityas have survived till today?
Viharas are the monasteries, where Buddhist monks live. They consist of small rooms in an open space and a holy place with a memorial of Buddha at one end. This place is called Chaitya. so, these were built using stone, chisel, and hammer. masons and carpenters used mud, wood, and stones to build viharas and chaityas. so, they survived till today.
3 Compare the features of a chaitya and a temple. do you think the mode of worship in a chaitya and a temple would be different?
| chaityas | Temples |
| chaityas were built like caves on the side. | Temples were built like buildings in villages, cities, and towns. |
| They have large prayer halls, stupas, and small rooms made of rock for monks. | They have a simple structure of a small room in which the idols were placed. there is no prayer hall. |
| They had beautiful images of people, animals, and Buddha. | They have doors, mandapas and pillars which are beautifully curved. |
| Lord Buddha was worshipped. | They have doors, mandapas, and pillars which are beautifully curved. |
4 Why are the Buddhist stupas and chaityas sacred?
The Buddhist stupas and chaityas are considered to be sacred because,
1 The relics of Buddha and other important monks were buried in the center of the stupas.
2 Pilgrims worship the stupas with flowers, make pradakshinas, and do meditation in front of them.
3 Chaityas is a small shrine (viharas) in which a stupas or idols of Buddha is placed.
4 They were also used as a prayer hall for monks.
5 How did the Buddhist monks probably use the viharas and chaitya?
or
6 Read the first para of page 178 ( Vihara’s were the………..for the monks) and comment on it?
Viharas are the monasteries, where Buddhist monks, live. They consist of small rooms in an open space and a holy place with memories of Buddha at one end. This Place was called Chaityas and is used as a prayer hall by monks.
In Nasik and Karle hills, there are cave viharas carved with beautiful sculptures. In Takshashila, Nagarjunakonda and Nalanda there are viharas built with bricks and stones. in these viharas, monks educated disciples with Buddhist scriptures and also cured the physical illness of many people. the inscriptions on the viharas represent the donations of many common people like farmers, traders, soldiers and artisans for their construction.
7 Locate Buddhist and Jain sites on the outline map of India?
Buddhist sites in India
1 Bodh Gaya – Bihar
2 (a) Saranath _ Uttar Pradesh
(b) Kushinagar – Utter Pradesh
3 Sanchi – Madhya Pradesh
4 Nelakondapalli – Telangana
5 Amaravati – Andhra Pradesh
Jain sites in India
6 Gomatheswara temple – Karnataka
7 Dilwara temple – Rajasthan
8 Lal Mandir – Delhi
